Sunday, 27 March 2022

Cinema Analytica 2020 Movie/Streaming Awards

The Oscars are no longer an accurate representation of popular culture. Humanity needs more awards to accurately reflect what people actually like to watch. Every year at Oscar time, we post our own movie awards from the year before (we still need time to see every movie from 2021 before we can choose winners). Given the lack of theatrical releases in 2020, we decided to include streaming shows in the acting categories. Birds of Prey killed the competition!

So here are the Cinema Analytica 2020 Movie Awards!

Best Movie
 
Winner: Birds of Prey


Runner ups: 
 
1. Bad Boys 3
2. Eurovision Song Contest 
3. Bill and Ted 3


Best Actor
 
Winner: Will Smith, Bad Boys 3
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Keanu Reaves, Bill and Ted 3
2. Chris Pine, Wonder Woman 1984
3. David Washington, Tenet
 
 
Best Supporting Actor
 
Winner: Bill Burr, The Mandalorian
 
 
Runner ups: 
 
1. Carl Weathers, The Mandalorian
2. Ewan McGregor, Birds of Prey
3. Giancarlo Esposito, The Mandalorian
 
 
Best Actress
 
Winner: Margot Robbie, Birds of Prey
 
 
Runner ups: 
 
1. Anya Taylor Joi, The Queen's Gambit
2. Rachel McAdams, Eurovision Song Contest
3. Laura Linney, Ozark
 
 
Best Supporting Actress
 
Winner: Rosario Dawson, The Mandalorian
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Jurnee Smollett, Birds of Prey
2. Ming-Na Wen, The Mandalorian
3. Mary Elizabeth Winstead, Birds of Prey
 
 
Funniest Movie
 
Winner: Birds of Prey
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Borat
2. Bad Boys 3
3. Bill and Ted 3


Best Scene
 
Winner: Bill Burr kills Imperial boss, The Mandalorian
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Skywalker shows up, The Mandalorian
2. Harley Quinn gets wasted, Birds of Prey
3. Carole Baskin tries to murder Joe Exotic
 
 
Funniest Acting Performance
 
Winner: Margot Robbie, Birds of Prey
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Keanu Reaves, Bill and Ted 3
2. Sacha Baron Cohen, Borat
3. Joe Exotic, Tiger King 


Best Hero
 
Winner: Harley Quinn
 
 
Runner ups: 
 
1. Joe Exotic
2. The Mandalorian
3. Luke Skywalker


Best Villain
 
Winner: Moff Gideon
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. Black Mask
2. Carole Baskin (though a terrible acting performance)
3. Werner Herzog as "the Client"
 

Best Music
 
Winner: Damn I love Miami, Bad Boys 3
 
 
Runner ups: 
 
1. Boss Bitch, Birds of Prey
2. My Home Town, Eurovision Song Contest
3. The Song that Unites the Universe, Bill and Ted 3


Worst Movie
 
Winner: Bloodshot
 

Runner ups: 
 
1. New Mutants
2. Wonder Woman 1984
3. Doolittle


Friday, 31 December 2021

22 Movie/Streaming Predictions For 2022

It has become a Cinema Analytica tradition to post a list of predictions for movies and television every New Year's Eve. Our list of 2020 predictions was devastated by the pandemic, with many movies getting delayed until 2021. Many of those did get released in 2021, but others did not, which affected our predictions (to see our 2021 list, click here). Hopefully 2022 won't have any delays, and all our future foresight can be judged on the results instead of postponed until later.


1. All movies featuring the Rock will earn more money at the international box office than all movies featuring Vin Diesel.

2. Woody Harrelson gets a Razzie nomination.

3. LeBron James gets a Razzie nomination.

4. Han Solo cameos in Book of Boba Fett.

5. Shang-Chi gets an Oscar nomination.

6. Mr. T returns as Clubber Lang in Creed 3.

7. John Wick dies in John Wick 4.

8. There will be a crisis of post-blip refugees flooding into Wakanda in Black Panther 2.

9. Jurassic World 3 is the top grossing movie, both international and domestic.

10. Fantastic 4 appear or are teased in a post credit scene.

11. Morbius gets a Rotten Tomatoes critics score under 60%.
        we really overshot this one as it received a 15% critics score.

12. Black Adam gets the highest Rotten Tomatoes audience score of any DC movie.
        it actually beat the Batman! There were only 2 DC movies

13. Aquaman 2 gets a lower Rotten Tomatoes audience score than Aquaman 1.

14. Kingpin appears in She-Hulk.

15. Bill Burr gets cast in Star Wars movie.

16. Maria Rambeau camoes in Ms Marvel.

17. Will Wheaton cameos in Picard season 2.

18. Loki (or a variant of him) shows up in Thor Love and Thunder.

19. The Batman earns less money globally than Batman V Superman.

20. Keanu Reeves cast in a marvel movie.

21. Obi Wan fights Darth Vader and loses, barely escaping alive.

22. Some X-men characters appear in Dr. Strange 2.


Almost made the cut:

*Sherlock Holmes 3 will get a lower Rotten Tomatoes audience score than any of RDJs Marvel appearances.
*Black Panther 2 is the top grossing Marvel movie, both international and domestic
*Robert Downey jr appears in a Marvel movie or streaming show
*Thor Love and Thunder makes more money than The Batman
*Doctor Strange re-introduces Galactus and the Silver Surfer, possibly post-credits
*Ronny Chieng appears in a Marvel property
*Dr. Crusher appears in Picard season 2
*Black Adam makes more money globally than Suicide Squad 2
*Daredevil revival announced with Kingpin 
*Andrew Garfield Spider-Man movie announced
*The Batman scores 75% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes
*Darth Maul flashback in Obi-Kenobi series 
*Andrew Garfield cameos in Morbius  
*Avengers 5 announced (New Avengers, Young Avengers, ETC)
*Michael B Jordan has an integral role in Black Panther 2
*New Tom Holland Spider-Man trilogy announced
*Black Adam is the highest grossing comic book movie
*Jurassic World 3 is the lowest grossing film in the franchise and scores less than 50% on Rotten Tomatoes
*Russo Brothers signed on to a new marvel project.

Thursday, 20 May 2021

Black Panther 2 Script Ideas

The passing of Chadwick Boseman was a devastating day for comic book movie fans and anyone with a deep appreciation of sensational acting. His run as Black Panther was simply incredible, hitting back-to-back-to-back home runs in Civil War, Black Panther and Infinity War. His solo movie was so good that the Oscars almost created a new category for popularity, but instead decided to nominate it for best picture (it would have won if the Oscars weren't racist).

The greatest impact from Chadwick's death is the question of how it will affect Black Panther 2 now titled, Wakanda Forever. Ryan Coogler is back to direct and now faces the difficult challenge of writing the death of the Black Panther into this movie. We might be able to help with that problem.

There's no easy way to incorporate the death of T'challa into the film. The movie will have to explain both his absence during the 5-year blip, then coming back and dying again within a short time window after Tony Stark's funeral. It would be very interesting to see how Wakanda handled the disappearance of their King during this period. Would it have descended into a chaotic state of civil war as the different tribes challenge for the throne?

With Chadwick Boseman gone, the film will need to focus on Shuri, the other breakout star from the Black Panther franchise (and the winner of our best supporting actress of the decade award). If we assume T'challa dies within a year of reappearing after the blip, then Shuri will have to deal with the loss of her brother and a country on the brink of societal collapse. Coming up with an explanation for T'challa's death is going to be hard but the Cinema Analytica team has come up with some ideas on how this can be done. 

Instead of just killing T'challa off-screen or an assassination attempt, let's say the source of the Black Panther's power, the heart shaped herb actually had deadly long-term side effects. What if prolonged exposure to the heart shaped herb would eventually cause a not yet curable form of cancer or a similar type of disease? This could be a way that they kill T'challa without having to shoot new footage or digitally recreate Chadwick Boseman. He can simply slip into a coma shortly after the Stark funeral. 


You could have Shuri working tirelessly to develop a cure, then blip away, then return to find out that her brother doesn't have much time left to live. She doesn't find the cure in time and must deal with the guilt of not being able to save her brother's life. So a potential character arc for Shuri could be her dealing with losing her brother, while also trying to figure out how to rule Wakanda, while civil unrest unfolds in the country. 

If part of Black Panther 2 takes place during the blip, the country is going to have to deal with the loss of both T'challa and Shuri. It's hinted at that Shuri also disappeared which no doubt left a power struggle within the country. If all members of the Wakandan royal family die, how is the country supposed to handle that? It's possible that T'Challa's mother took the throne, or perhaps M'Baku. There may even have been a period of peace and prosperity under the interim leadership in a post-snap Wakanda (as Thanos might have predicted).

The film can open right after the blip in Infinity War. Wakanda was ground zero for the snap so the country as a whole is going to have the hardest initial impact. They undoubtedly already suffered heavily casualties in the alien invasion, then lost half the survivors. How was the remaining government able to sustain control amid all the chaos? Or was the 5-year blip period actually a prosperous time? The film could then delve into the social and economic impacts of losing half of the country's population and how much of their advanced technology shuts down simply because Shuri isn't there to operate it.   

At the end of the first Black Panther, T'challa promises to open the country to the rest of the world, and let's pretend they do exactly that. What if there was a brutal civil war in a neighboring African country, and there were thousands of refugees fleeing that crisis. What if Wakanda opened up its borders to nearby refugees then faced the challenge of needing to evict them as soon as their domestic population comes back? How would Wakanda deal with the housing crisis? How would the other tribes view welcoming more and more outsiders? The idea of the blip displacing millions of people is touched upon in Falcon and the Winter Solider with the Flagsmashers but the storyline could be refined. 

With Shuri in charge, she is going to have to find a solution to the refugee crisis. She will face some difficult pressure from the internal population regarding the refugees brought in during the blip. The principal villain of the film can be a Warlord in their civil war-torn neighbor that had thousands of refugees pouring into Wakanda. This dictator could potentially be the introduction of the MCU's Dr. Doom preferably played by Denzel Washington. 

The villain had a plan to send sleeper agents into Wakanda disguised as refugees. Their mission is to acquire Wakandan technology and infiltrate their security apparatus. With all the soldiers killed in the alien invasion and finger snap, there are plenty of job openings available in this sector. Everything can be wonderful and functional during the blip period, but the shit hits the fan once half of the population blips back and the refugees are displaced. Denzel can execute a coup while T'Challa is at Tony Stark's funeral, but T'Challa falls ill shortly after.

Desperate for a solution, Shuri turns to a revived Killmonger to help save Wakanda from Dr. Doom's attack. Killmonger is initially hesitant to fight back then Shuri explains that he'll die due to the cancer caused by the heart shaped herb. Shuri explains that she couldn't save T'Challa in time but has a chance to save Killmonger before it's to late. 

Alternatively, Killmonger could have been saved shortly after the end of the first Black Panther and was not snapped away. He could be sent back to the United States and and help with Wakanda's outreach program. Having Killmonger living in the US in the late 2010's and early 2020's offers some incredible story ideas. For starters, there could be a montage of him marching Black Lives Matter protests set to the song Voice of the Voiceless by Rage Against the Machine. Rising up against police brutality and systematic racism is surely something Killmonger would do.

Shuri convinces Killmonger to help her reclaim Wakanda, in exchange for curing his pending illness. This leads to the possibility of a scene between Michael B Jordan and Denzel Washington. They can exchange dialogue about how Killmonger used to be like Dr. Doom then tells him it's a bad path to go down. The cinematic tension from this scene alone would be worth the price of admission. Denzel escapes, but not without billions of dollars worth of Wakandan technology and vibrainium.

The end or the last third of the movie can be entirely dedicated to Chadwick Boseman. It would be like the Tony Stark funeral times a thousand. Have every citizen of Wakanda at the King’s funeral and have each person that was close to him give a speech. You can even have Killmonger give speech about how learned to appreciate T'Challa and have him admit he feels guilty for trying to kill him. You could have every living Avenger be present at this funeral too. Everyone will want to be there. It wouldn't be hard to convince the actors to show up. This scene would require very little actual acting due to the weight of losing Chadwick Boseman alone. 

If Disney and Ryan Coogler are still trying to figure this mess out, we have some great ideas that can be incorporated into Black Panther 2. Have the story focus on Shuri, Wakanda struggling with a refugee crisis and a subsequent insurrection, then have a giant funeral for Chadwick Boseman. 

Just give them the Oscar now...

Thursday, 13 May 2021

15 Worst Comic Book Movies Ever Made

What are the worst comic book movies ever made? Marvel or DC. Catwoman and Fantastic Four have the two lowest critic scores on Rotten Tomatoes among this genre, but Shaq Steel has the lowest audience score. There was a correlation between this list and our worst hero/villain rankings, because obviously you can't have a terrible comic book movie without terrible heroes and villains. Sucking is often a team effort...

1. Fantastic Four Reboot (2015): 

In the history of all comic book movies, there has never been one so terrible that you can have an existential crisis after deciding to watch. It's just flat out bad and can lead to feelings of depression and regret that you ever decided to hit play. Miles Teller bears the most responsibility for this atrocity from an acting standpoint, but it was a cursed production that was doomed to fail. It earned a 9% on Rotten Tomatoes among critics but was twice as popular with the audience (18%). It captured 3 Razzies in 2016, including Worst Picture.



2. Steel (1997): 


Shaq ranked #1 on our Worst Heroes of all-time list and gave a performance that all but killed his acting career. This was the end of Shaq as a leading man. The 12% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes does feel generous, which is higher than Catwoman and Fantastic Four (9% each). Steel does have the lowest audience score of any movie on this list (15%), pulling in just 1.7 million at the box office. Shaq was nominated for the Worst Actor Razzie, but lost to a less deserving Kevin Costner in the Postman.


3. Catwoman (2004): 


This is just speculation on my part, but it certainly seemed like they had to pull money out of the CGI budget to pay Halle Berry's rate. The movie received a 9% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes and cleaned up at the Razzie Awards receiving 7 nominations, winning Worst Picture, Worst Actress, and Worst Director. Yet it was the highest grossing female-led comic book movie for 13 years until overtaken by Wonder Woman in 2017.


4. New Mutants (2020): 


This movie was doomed from the start. Originally shot in 2017, the movie was delayed almost 3 years due to the Fox-Disney merger and the current pandemic. This was unfortunately the last movie the Cinema Analytica team saw in theaters. Lets hope more theaters open so we can erase the memory of seeing this disaster. The 35% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes is generous, and this abomination was shutout at the Razzie awards, which history will judge poorly. 


5. X-Men Dark Phoenix (2019): 


There are absolutely no redeeming qualities for this movie. It's clear that most of actors were tired of this franchise once this movie was made. You can find Sophie Turner, James McAvoy, and Nicolas Hoult on our worst heroes list. It has a 22% critics score, but a 64% audience score. Those people must have seen a different cut of the movie than what we saw.


6. Batman and Robin (1997): 


There is a Sharknado quality to Batman and Robin that the other movies on this list are sorely lacking. We recently rewatched this terrible movie to research this list (that's our dedication to the craft) and laughed constantly at how bad it was. Arnold is way over the top. It probably belongs higher based on the sum of the bad acting, but it was hilariously bad, whereas the movies above are painfully bad. 12% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes.


7. Batman V Superman (2016): 


Martha, Martha, Martha! Sorry if all you millennials missed that Brady Bunch reference. If they had cast someone good to play Lex Luthor, and cut out the Doomsday stuff that was squeezed into the ending, it could have been a better movie. 29% critic score on Rotten Tomatoes, but a shocking 63% audience score. That makes no sense to us. Must be the Batfleck apologists swinging that vote.


8. Green Lantern (2011): 


After paying money to see this turd, I vowed to never again pay a single pennt to see a Ryan Reynolds movie. Then I saw Deadpool on streaming, and he won me back. The side of good is fueled by the collective will-power of all lives in the Universe, while evil is fueled by all their fear. Who thinks of this crap? Whenever Reynolds tries to be "virtuous and pure," it lands completely flat. They should have made Green Lantern a quick witted wise-ass. 26% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes.


9. Amazing Spider-Man 2 (2014): 


It's a bad Andrew Garfield performance that's overshadowed by an abysmally awful Jamie Foxx performance. Once again, the 64% of fans who gave this a positive score on Rotten Tomatoes must have seen a different cut of the movie than we did. I'll assume that was the version where they completely cut out Jamie Foxx's character and went all in on Paul Giamatti's Rhino...


10. Ghost Rider Spirit of Vengeance (2011):  


Back-to-Back bombs for Nick Cage. Movie one received a 26% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes, but the sequel went ahead anyway (earning an 18%). The original sucked too, but was slightly better. It did make money, earning $132M at the box office on a $75M budget. It received 2 Razzie nominations, including Worst Actor for Nick Cage.


11. Ghost Rider (2007): 


There is almost an amusing likeability to how over-the-top awful Nick Cage takes this character (which is lost by the 2nd movie). The 26% critics score and 48% audience score were higher than the next movie, but only received a single Razzie nomination for Nick Cage in the Worst Actor category. It probably deserved a Worst Picture nomination too, but at least had some amusing moments where you could laugh at the ridiculousness of the Cage performance.


12. Daredevil (2003): 


Before there was Batfleck, there was Darefleck. Compared to some of the other movies on this list, Daredevil was critically acclaimed with a 44% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes. It received an even lower score from audiences (35%), which doesn't happen terribly often with comic book movies.  Affleck won the Razzie for Worst Actor and has since disowned the movie. Honestly, Colin Farrell may have been even more deserving of a Razzie, as his Bullseye performance was bananas.


13. Superman Quest For Peace (1987): 


Some of the CGI limitations of the day helped make this worse than its modern equivalents, otherwise it probably deserved to be higher. It only managed an 11% critics score and 16% audience score, but it's a much different movie if they made it 20 years later. It marked the final appearance of Christopher Reeves as Superman and basically killed the franchise. It was decades before anyone made another Superman movie.


14. Elektra (2005): 


The awful Ben Affleck Daredevil movie gave birth to an equally atrocious offspring. If you're going by Rotten Tomatoes, Elektra has a much lower score (11%), but we happen to think Darefleck is just a little bit worse. The critical consensus on Rotten Tomatoes describes the movie as "Jennifer Garner inhabits her role with earnest gusto, but Elektra's tone-deaf script is too self-serious and bereft of intelligent dialogue to provide engaging thrills."


15. Justice League (2017):   


Zack Snyder did release a more watchable version of Justice League, so this is calling out the Joss Whedon version specifically. The movie received a 40% critics score and a 71% audience score, but some of that might have been Russian trolls trying to destabilize American culture. At least that's our theory behind the confusing fandom that seems to exist around this franchise. They tried to cram too much story into a single movie, and both versions suffered from that problem.



Dishonorable Mention: 

Howard the Duck

We debated whether or not this should even be considered a comic book movie. It was clearly a Marvel property and was canonized by the Collector in the MCU, but it's not at all like your traditional hero flick. It has a 13% critics score on Rotten Tomatoes and is a legitimately awful movie. We are disqualifying it from this category, but it still needed to be mentioned.  If it counts, it has to be near the top.

Thursday, 29 April 2021

Should Snoke Have Been Nicer To Kylo Ren?

Throughout the most recent Star Wars trilogy, Supreme Leader Snoke was incredibly rude and belittling to his student Kylo Ren. The Master engaged in regular harassment, demeaning Kylo at every opportunity to a degree that should not be tolerated in civilized society. Snoke showed no appreciation for what the kid had accomplished, never complimenting or providing positive reinforcement. Ultimately this would backfire, since the apprentice would eventually kill the master.

It's possible that Snoke did not truly think so little of Kylo, but treated him that way to elicit an angry emotional response, making him a more effective weapon. Being nice and nurturing isn't going to motivate him to slaughter innocent people. Even if it was an effective motivational tool, Snoke still should have realized that he was pushing Kylo too far.

This really might have been a "damned if you do, damned if you don't" scenario for the Supreme Leader. In all likelihood it was inevitable that Kylo would eventually supplant his master. That's how the Sith operate. There was no possible path where Snoke could both use Kylo as a weapon, AND sustain power indefinitely.

Also, one could argue that terrible parenting from both Han Solo and Leia was a major contributing factor to Kylo taking dark side turn. Leia was probably busy running the Resistance while Han Solo was you know, just being Han Solo. The lack of parental oversight is not good for young children and increases the likelihood of kids actively participating in civil disobedience. In short, Han and Leia should have been better parents. 

While we are assigning blame for Kylo’s path to darkness, let’s not forget about Luke Skywalker. As we see in The Last Jedi, Luke straight up tries to murder his own nephew based on circumstantial evidence that Kylo might be turning evil. This was ultimately a disservice to the legacy of Luke Skywalker. Rian Johnson (with help from Kathleen Kennedy) turned one of the greatest heroes of all time into a depressed megalomaniacal murderer of kids. Luke should have been a better uncle. 

The theme of murdering kids almost seems like a right of passage in the Skywalker family. Starting with Anakin who killed younglings immediately after joining the Sith. Luke attempting to kill his nephew was definitely a step in that direction. After Kylo sees Luke with the ignited light saber, this induces his killing spree of young Jedi at Luke's academy. Once a Jedi kills kids they should not be redeemed or accepted into Jedi heaven.

As we learn in Rise of Skywalker, Snoke was controlled by Palpatine, but we never get a satisfactory explanation as to how this was carried out or how Snoke rose to power. So, the real question is, should Palpatine have been nicer Kylo? The answer is no. There's no way that Palpatine would have shown Kylo any sympathy. Palpatine is the evilest asshole in the whole galaxy and being a prick to his apprentices is kind of his thing. 

Kylo's turn to the dark side was not only because of Snoke, but was due to bad parenting, bad teaching from his uncle, and poor treatment from his overlords. If everyone had been nicer throughout his childhood, the whole Galaxy would have been better off.

Sunday, 25 April 2021

Cinema Analytica 2019 Movie Awards

The Oscars are no longer an accurate representation of popular culture. Humanity needs more awards to accurately reflect what people actually like to watch. Every year at Oscar time, we post our own movie awards from the year before (we still need time to see every movie from 2020 before we can choose winners).

So here is the Cinema Analytica 2019 Movie Awards!


Best Movie

Winner: Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. Spider-Man: Far From Home
2. Hobbs and Shaw
3. Joker


Best Actor

Winner: Robert Downey jr, Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. Chris Evans, Avengers Endgame
2. The Rock, Hobbs and Shaw
3. Tom Holland, Spirder-Man: Far From Home

 
Best Supporting Actor

Winner: Chris Hemsworth, Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. Samuel L Jackson, Spider-Man: Far From Home 
2. Jake Gyllenhaal, Spider-Man Far From Home
3. Samuel L Jackson, Captain Marvel


Best Actress

Winner: Zendaya, Spider-Man: Far From Home


Runner ups: 

1. Bree Larsen, Captain Marvel
2. Halle Berry, John Wick 3
3. Daisy Ridley, Rise of Skywalker


Best Supporting Actress

Winner: Scarlett Johansson, Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. Vanessa Kirby, Hobbs and Shaw
2. Lashana Lynch, Captain Marvel
3. Zazie Beetz, Joker

 
Funniest Movie

Winner: Hobbs and Shaw


Runner ups: 

1. Avengers Endgame
2. Shazam
3. Spider-Man: Far From Home


Best Scene

Winner: Final Battle, Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. The bar scene Mysterio reveal, Spider-Man Far From Home
2. New Asgard, Avengers Endgame
3. Invasion of Samoa, Hobbs and Shaw


Funniest Acting Performance

Winner: Chris Hemsworth, Avengers Endgame


Runner ups: 

1. The Rock, Jumanji 2 
2. Samuel L Jackson, Spider-Man: Far From Home
3. Tom Holland, Spider-Man: Far From Home
 

Best Hero

Winner: Ironman


Runner ups: 

1. Captain America
2. Hobbs
3. Thor


Best Villain

Winner: Thanos


Runner ups: 

1. Mysterio
2. Ebony Maw
3. Joker

 
Best Music

Winner: Just a Girl, Captain Marvel


Runner ups: 

1. Come As You Are, Captain Marvel
2. I'm Only Happy When It Rains, Captain Marvel
3. Crocodile Rock, Rocketman


Worst Movie

Winner: Cats


Runner ups: 

1. X-Men People: Dark Phoenix
2. Godzilla King of the Monsters
3. The Lighthouse